Spring Intern Rewind (thus far):

UNIQUE NEW YORK:

My adventures into the city are usually limited to weekends - because the commute gets old (laughable to many ULAE employees who make it every weekday) and getting around manhattan really takes it out of you, especially if you travel to the boroughs as well. Here are a few of the highlights, in no particular order:

Museums (Covered by the studio!!! Go!) - I did the MoMa first, as it seemed the most exciting at the time, and it did have a really impressive spread of contemporary stuff, including work by many ULAE artists, and a great Lucien Freud etching exhibit.

However, I found the Met much more interesting and expansive. You could easily spend a week in there and never see it all. Plus - the Met is exhibiting a terrific Jasper Johns show which features many prints done by the studio, and one in particular that all of the current printers worked on. It focuses on his use of Gray though out his career - and emphasizes on lithographs, paintings and sculptures alike. I highly recommend this show - it is great homework for this internship. They also have a Gustave Courbet show up which is amazing.









This individual happened across our path in front of the Met one day. Charming!

The Guggenheim is a must - especially if you can catch the current show, detailed below.

The American Museum of Natural History of my p-fave. Again - I had to go twice to cover any ground, the place is huge. I saw the Bodies exhibit at South Street Seaport Science Museum - and found it quite compelling (though come to find out you can see a similar exhibit in any major city at this point.) The Museum of the American Indian at Bowling Green was really interesting too, though it is under construction. The Damian Hirst Installation at Lever House was amazing - though he is not liked amongst many in this crowd - and the sculpture outside is one of my favorite of his. It is adjacent to MoMa - so swing by if you're in that hood.













The scroll that Kerouac wrote on On The Road on is on display at the NY Public Library - an amazing sight to behold with a great display which chronologically studies his life in accordance with the writing.

I went to the Armory show at Chelsea piers this last weekend - a massive showcase of artwork sponsored by galleries from around the world. It was impressive in scale - but the content was mixed. It was an interesting way to gain perspective on the state of the art world (ie: lots of cheek kissing and too hip for you types.)















The guy with the sweet beard is ED, a printer at the studio, who I have befriended. We both dug that sculpture. Overall I really got a lot out of that experience. Scope NY was also going on that weekend - but I missed it sadly. I'm beginning to realize that my saturation point is rather low when it comes to modern art - especially current work.


Key museums left on my list are the Frick collection, the Whitney (currently showing the biennial), The New Museum at the Bowery, and PS1 at Long Island City (conveniently not located on Long Island.) The New Museum has "Hell Yes!" written on it in rainbow letters. MUST GO.


I had the pleasure of supporting a good friend from OK, Yatika Fields at his opening at Native American art show Long Island University (again, in Brooklyn.)

Go see some live music while youre here. Time Out New York delivers listings for a majority of shows - but act fast, I've missed a few due to selling out. I did luck into a spare ticket for The National at BAM (Brooklyn Academy of Music - a wonderful, classy venue), James Blackshaw at Soundfix - extraordinary twelve string guitarist from London, The RZA at Studio B, and Caribou with F**k Buttons at Music Hall of Williamsburg. All great shows at very different venues.


CARIBOU


F**CKBUTTONS

Every live act you could dream of seeing will be here at some point, so keep your eyes peeled, but pick wisely - this can get expensive, and this kind of thing is not covered by the studio. Lots of shows are free - especially during the summer.

My parents spent four lovely days with me here, and I had the pleasure of showing them around Manhattan, Central Park, Jones Beach on Long Island, Battery Park and South Street Seaport. They also got a sizeable dose of the NY transit system and the Village. I also took them to the studio and gave them a tour of the facilities there. I consider myself lucky that two Johns and a Rauschenberg series are both in the works at this time (Though I find it depressing just how few people know those names when shamelessly name dropping about my recent shop work.)

One thing I will truly miss about this place is the food. One can eat very well, healthily, and for a reasonable price in most of Manhattan and Brooklyn - Time Out will help you with this too. In Brooklyn, Greenpoint Cafe, Enid's, Taco Chulo - all great for brunch. In Manhattan - Prune is an absolute must, Anthony Bourdain loves it, and it's just unbeatable for lunch or dinner. Also Green Bo in Chinatown for great Dim-Sum. Be adventurous - you can get anything here - and if you keep it reasonable the studio pays for it. You could eat at a different restaurant in this city every day for the rest of your life and never do them all.

I have tried to cram as much into my time here as i can stand - but honestly, NY is really overwhelming for me. Part of it was just learning to get around, but being an hour from your homestead is stressful too. But a some point I had to just go for it if i ever was going to - and it's worth it to see Times Square, Broadway, Central Park - and really take advantage of the things that are truly unique about this place. Granted - you could never do it all in one internship - but it's fun to try. Get familiar with a subway line and hit all the stops along that line first. Know that Uptown means the street numbers get higher and Downtown means they are getting smaller. That's half your battle. But for god's sake get an NFT guide! More later.

A Crash Course In Litho

Having reached the half way point, I realize that I am desperate to make a print. I have learned a lot from working here, but it doesn't mean to much if I can't put it to use. Actually producing work here requires a fair amount of persistence - but luckily, I have gotten a lot of help during slow periods - and last week I ran my first litho print. The following is a loose outline of what I've learned about lithography. I feel like I've come a long way considering that I knew nothing when I arrived here. I's a complicated chemical process, with lots of steps - but it all
revolves around the principle that water and oil repel each other. The process i describe here involves printing directly from a limestone block. Lithography is derived from the Greek word "Lithos" - stone (or from stone), and is a very old and effective method of printing from a smooth surface to paper. However - in order to print effectively - the stone must be completely flat and totally smooth. Thus, before anything else, the stone must be grained, a process by which any previous image or "ghost" is removed from the face of the rock. This is done using a levigator - a heavy round tool which is spun across the surface of the stone after grain has been applied. The process is akin to sanding wood in that you start with a coarse grit and work your way to a fine dust - eventually polishing the surface. No scratches or rough spots can remain, as they will retain ink during printing.




Here is a stone during graining. A small stone like this can take several hours to grain if it isn't flat. It must be absolutely flat or the contact press will miss areas of the drawing that are low.




The grains run from 50 to 280, but the stones I have grained run through 60 to 80, 100, 150, 180, 200. It's a long process, but nothing is worse that getting almost finished and picking up a stray coarse grain on the levigator and scratching your rock. This means virtually starting over. At one point, I was assigned to grain several stones at 5:00 pm to be ready for Carroll Dunham at 8:00 the next morning. At the end of a work day this is the last thing you want to hear - but it is a reality of the print studio. So, putting a scratch in one of these at 9:00 pm would make me real sad.



The stones are then marked and set aside for the artist. It generally takes much longer to grain the stone than it does to draw on it.



A drawing is done with either Litho crayons (a range of soft and hard, waxy drawing pencils), touche (a water soluble waxy paint, which applies like water color and acts as a resist to water) or a combination of both. You can achieve some really cool things with touche - which reticulates as it dries, making some really nice solid washes, which can be manipulated with crayons as well. The thicker you apply these elements the thicker the resist will be and the darker your image will appear.



Moving these stones is a real pain - and sometimes they are just too heavy.



Here is my image. Before etching, talc and resin are dusted onto the stone to cause the ink to thicken. Some of the drawing is wiped away during etching - an important but difficult lesson. Regardless - the resist is so strong once applied that the subtleties re-emerge when inking. Drawing on these is fun - but you cannot erase. So be sure of your image and go gently. Here, gum has been applied to cool the etch, and preserve the stone while it is not in use.


My print will likely be a one block, black and white image - though I could add drawings to include color stones or plates to be done on the offset press. the Carroll Dunham prints pictured below include several stones for each print. registering them gets tricky, especially because the stones are all different sizes, and some have multiple small drawings on them. Each is a different color and represents a different portion of the image. All these elements are matched up with the key drawing - or in this case the black part of the drawing that has the most information in it, which is printed onto a mylar. The mylar helps indicate where the paper must lay each time the image is printed so that all the images match up, and every sheet looks exactly the same as the original proof.



Each stone has a proof of the image covering it to protect the drawing and identify which part of the image is on which rock. All of these separate elements add up to make the final product, pictured right.



A leather roller is used on many stones to ensure that the image retains the maximum amount of ink without drying the surface of the stone. During inking, the stone must be wet enough to repel the oil based ink from every part of the stone that doesn't have pencil or touche on it.



Here is the stone on the press, and after being inked to capacity. Asphaltum and tannic acid are used to cause the greasy drawing ares to retain ink effectively. The press bed beneath the stone must be totally clean - even a hair beneath the pressure of the contact press can cause a stone to crack. Inking lightly first, and then to heavy, the image comes up rather slowly.



This stone is ready to run through the press, and have proofs pulled from it. It will darken as the the first several proofs are run, and then the amount of ink and pressure can be adjusted to best suit the image quality. Spot etching can be done to increase the amount of detail in reticulation or heavy wash areas. In this case only the very darkest parts of the image need to be re-etched. To add to the drawing, you can counter etch the stone and add more drawing - but aside from small sanding areas, drawn areas cannot be removed.



You can see the progression as the ink builds up on the stone. At this point - unless I decide to further alter the image, this stone is ready to run prints from.

If I ever get the opportunity, I would like to run a small edition of this print, as I am pretty happy with it considering it is my first attempt. Some areas are light - but overall it looks a lot like my drawing after being run on paper. It will darken further, and look much better on white paper. will include an image of this work when I have a decent proof of it - but here is a poor consolation prize:




As I said - you must be persistent to get your own work done. Make it known from day one that you want to make prints and get started on them right away. I started week three, and this is as much as I've gotten done. You will need the help of printers to work in the studio - so buddy up. Otherwise, you will run errands and wash dishes the whole time - and it might not feel worth it.

I'm sure many have wondered why I haven't included any of my NYC adventures here, so that will be my next blog. Suffice it to say: I have done a lot, but could never do it all in four months. Plan things ahead of time! Make use of your weekends! Time Out NY is a great way to keep up with cool stuff going on in the city. Galleries and Museums are free - so that has been a bulk of my experience. More about that later.

An Intern Reflects!

Being an intern can be hard on the soul - but but keeping a certain perspective on things makes all the difference.



The forklift at the studio has Mr. Goldston's 1984 Oklahoma tags on it. You might not be the butt of any Oklahoma jokes - but I would be shocked if you weren't. I have to admit, Oklahomans must seem pretty peculiar to this crowd.

Not much visual aid this week, or rather, what there is has little to do with the text. Suffice it to say I've been much busier and involved in the goings on at ULAE, so photography takes a backseat, and you get tasty leftovers that I couldn't fit in previous blogs.

It might be advantageous to discuss a few things I've noticed about this place, and the art world at large. I will try to keep this as positive as possible. Becoming more involved has led me to realize what a blessing an art related job such as this can be. If there is any single thing I have learned from this experience it is that there is life beyond art school. One simply must know where to look, and be willing to pay one dues. Certainly, this won't put anyone on a faster track to making it big as a visual artist, but it depends on how you use the facilities at your disposal, and put what you learn as a printer to use. The level of professionalism exercised at this shop has forced me to work on my own precision and attention to detail. It has effected the quality of my own work immensely, and my attitude towards art making in general. Then of course there is the development of new skills and familiarization with new aspects of the trade - but this will take years. Many printers here have a specialization, but broaden into other areas out of necessity in producing large editions of a certain type. Just in standing by and being a nuisance I have gotten a crash course in litho, aquatint, intaglio, and photogravieur. As I understand it, every studio has it's own methods in each area, so it isn't surprising that they do things differently here than at Gemini, or Tandem (or OK State).




A pile of broken lithographic stones sit behind Skidmore Place.

The downside of course is that the pressure is immense at times, and putting any of this knowledge to use in personal projects might be hard to do. Deadlines on large editions change at a moments notice, artists drop in to check on their work, or to create new work, and the level of craftsmanship cannot falter due to shortage of time. There is a lot of money involved here, so keeping it cool and staying focused is important. Things must be done right - and there is an enormous number of variables that ensure that things will go wrong. I have already noticed a decrease in my enthusiasm, though I chock most of it up to being the intern, and wading in the muck at the bottom of the heap. Some days I feel like a printer, and am treated as such - and other days I am DEFINITELY the intern. I am constantly reminded of my place. The other thing that I picked up on rather quickly is that many of the people who work here commute and hour or an hour and a half and the beginning and the end of each day. I thought at first it was just stubbornness - insisting to live in Brooklyn because of the cool factor. But I can honestly say that I never want to live on Long Island again in my life. There is no one above high school age or below mid forties that lives here as far as I can tell, and thus there is very little to do. I find myself, as well, living for the next chance to get into Manhattan or Williamsburg or Park Slope. So - if the printers seem grumpy, just imagine yourself in their position. It's a great job, but it is also a lot of baggage and stress.



A shot from the front room of Skidmore. On a nice days, Skidmore can be a lovely place to be.

It can be tremendously rewarding some days, and other days it can make you feel like dirt. I guess this aspect of being a working stiff has always eluded me - and I can honestly say I miss college a lot already. However - it has been a huge eye opener as to how the art world works, and as to what goes on behind the scenes. One printer said that he went to to Met to see the new Jasper Johns "Gray" exhibit, which featured many prints that he himself had pulled and handled. However his name is nowhere on that sheet of paper. Only Johns'. Not surprisingly, most of the notable artists who work with ULAE haven't set foot in Bayshore in years, but still have their prints editioned here. Is it right or wrong? I don't know - it just is. I know that part of the thrill of making prints for me is actually making the prints. I like to be involved in every step of the process - but I am not a famous artist, and if I were I can hardly say that I wouldn't let ULAE edition my prints for me and sell them for big money. I can't say it doesn't sound appealing. It is still awe inspiring to be in the presence of such history and legacy - but if I hadn't come out here to do this I may never have realized that such a place existed. I always thought the art and the artist were inseparable - as naive as it sounds - but it makes complete sense that the thing that can drive the two apart should be the almighty dollar. I might sound jaded - but I'm totally comfortable with it - not that it's up to me. It's just been a real eye opener. Strangely though - this awesome opportunity has really helped me reconcile with my decision to go into the arts. It is always breathing down my neck - what comes after school? Do I really expect to make a living on paintings? In a culture driven by media, fast news, flashing lights and dwindling attention spans, do I really expect to get anyone's attention? The average time a gallery goer takes to look at a painting is less than 3 seconds. The art world is subsequently very tough and fickle, and riddled with nepotism and politics - and all of these things should inform the student of the arts about the path before him. While there is a strange, naive comfort in being the penniless underdog, sticking to his genuine artistic ideals and creating meaningful but misunderstood work only to be praised after his death - seeing what these printers do gives me a great deal of hope and optimism. I can see myself in a job like this one day, becoming a master of a respectable trade, and living off of it in order to feed myself while kicking the dream around. There is one printer here who I relate to on this level - and he uses all of his time outside of the studio to create his own work. He makes use of the facilities at Clinton, and produces really nice work. I see this as an admirable use of his occupational situation - though the trade offs are great (he resides in Bayshore) he is still on track to a career as a professional artist. Being close to NYC with a stable income is a tremendous asset to this goal, because if there's one thing NYC has, it's money, where there's money there is much more likely to be an art market. Culture is one thing that New York is not shy of - and for a county boy like me, that's real derned excitin'.



Studio at Skidmore is like a litho library documenting the presence of people like Motherwell, Frankenthaler, Dine and Oldenberg. The litho images of their work are, by and large, untouched.

For a great bit of history and an awesome photo essay about ULAE - make sure to check
out their new website: http://www.ulae.com

Continued Studio Misadventures

Having done a bit of etching at OSU didn't hurt - but they things are done here are a bit different. Once again, I was able to pick up a lot and stand in from time to time, until I was trusted with more involved tasks. Here is a run down - again, in no particular order - of my involvement in the etching process during the first month.



Ed, a printer from Norman, OK, staples a freshly printed Terry Winters to a wooden panel to ensure that is dries completely flat and even. Straps are used around the edges of the sheet to protect the surface, and the wood has a thick plastic sheet under it so the back of the sheet is not compromised either. These are very expensive prints, so great lengths are taken to ensure that they make it to the edition in pristine condition.



Ed lays a plate on the press for the last run on a Winters print. The prints are registered by ticks around the outer edge of the plate which line up with a grid on mylar. There were three prints in the particular edition - but the portfolio consists of ten different prints at 60 sheets each.



This is where paper gets soaked, and then drained when the screen is raised. It is then blotted before use. Damp paper draws more of the ink from the etched plate than a dry sheet.



Ed and Jason ink an enormous Kiki Smith plate. The plate is set on a hotplate and ink is applied to it while warm, which helps the ink settle into the deeply bitten areas of the plate. Excess ink is then removed from undesired areas with tarletans, cotton wipes and a fine paper which picks up ink from the plate without removing it from etched areas. This process is done before every print is run.



Here, a print is being run. This is truly a two man job - as the plate is very heavy and akward to move, and each printer must pull the wool blankets snug as the print runs underneath the roller, because any crumpling or creasing could be disasterous. I have spent many morings at the laundromat cleaning these blankets. (Incidentally, Planet Laundry is the place to go - an impressive facility as far as laundromats are concerned. Don't forget the Woolite!)



The printers move the plate from the hotplate to the press bed. Shiny!



Before any printing begins, the plate undergoes a process called "Steel Facing." During which, the plate is fully immersed in rust filled water. The water is highly ionized, and highly conductive. While one end of the plate is connected to a power source (pictured below) a long steel pole, also charged is run across the surface of the plate. The pole never touches the plate, but the plate draws ionized steel particles to its surface during the several hundred passes it undergoes, and comes out coated in a very durable metal which will hold up to many more runs through the press that a plain copper plate. This is a painstaking process - but fortunately is only done before printing begins, unless the steelfacing begins to break down, in which case printing must be stopped, and the plate stripped and refaced, making everyone quite grumpy.



Do't let this image fool you. This really isn't very much fun.



The plate must be washed with marble powder, ly and nitric acid to remove the existing steel facing, should a new face need to be applied.



Here is the power source. The Kiki plates were to big for the facing tank you see in the back, so the flat bath was used. Were it a smaller plate, it would simply be suspended it the tank for a decided length of time, and the charged poles and hangers would do all the facing work.



Here is the plate after steel facing, which would be printed from the following morning. You can see it apears silver, but that is really just a sheen of protective steel. When this plate was etched it still apeared copper. Behind it you see two large aquatint boxes - an area I hope to investigate while I'm here. Anyway - from the last two posts you can see tht simply making yourself available makes the days go by a lot faster. The more you hang out in the office, the errands you wil run. (You will still run errands.) Days where I am busy helping and learning make for a happy intern. And the more i have helped and shown enthusiasm, the more responsibilities I have been given, which feel really good.

I Helped.......?

SOME THINGS I DID IN THE FIRST MONTH:

As an intern, I have been unsure about my position - though I am certain it is at the bottom. Still, it is pretty hard to know where to you stand. Some days the intern will feel as though he can do absolutely nothing right - but it gets better. Just remember that you are here to learn - and try not to be shy. It is good to know how to keep your eyes and ears open and your mouth shut - but nothing will be handed to you at ULAE in terms of learning. I mostly have just hovered over the printers and picked their brains - asked questions about everything they are doing, to which some printers respond much better than others. Don't feel like a nuisance - you are one - but don't let it get to you. Besides the alternative is running errands and doing office work. Since I've been here, I have helped the printers with a number of things, including helping with a Rosa Loy Litho edition. This has included some menial press operation tasks, wiping plates and cleaning rollers. I feel good about this work because it saves the printer a whole lot of time and elbow grease. On the Loy edition we ran abut 80 sheets, which means a lot of work on ach individual sheet at mant different stages. I started out by tearing paper, then cleaning plates, and wiping the litho block on the stone press. I was then assigned to tear paper AGAIN, which is the last step before curating. I will go into a bit more detail about litho and etching in later blogs - but suffice it to say, just by making myself available I have learned a whole lot through proximity and practice.

Sorry these are not chronological by any means -- damn technology!




To tear down paper for the finished prints, a tear down block is constructed to ensure that every sheet of the edition is exactly the same. The borders round the image must be the same for every sheet. The paper is held in place with pins in the registration marks, and then weighted so the paper doesn't move. It seems like a male job - but these are very expensive sheets of paper, so it must be done right.



The offset press is an essential element of the editioning process. It allows an unlimited number of prints to be run in a very short amount of time. That doesn't make it easy - it is a high maintenance machine and there are many variables that can cause printing to be a nightmare if overlooked. The Rosa Loy prints were three base colors - so 80 sheets of paper run 3 times with a different plate - thats 240 runs, then black, run on the old litho press - which in itself took an entire workday, and we only got up to the 60th sheet. In between each run, registration must be checked - ink added or removed, blankets wetted, and routine trouble shooting. The printer must also make sure every print looks exactly the same in terms of color. You can see where an apprentice is a huge help.



Here is the whole edition prior to printing the black. Some editions are several hundred - and when you get into the Johns and Rauschenbergs, even more. Each sheet is worth a TON of money. Printers get printer's proofs, which are only saleable after the edition sells out.




Here is a shot of the press at Skidmore. The surface of the sone must remain wet at all times during the printing process - so having someone to wet the stone is a neccesity. The registration setup took a little trouble shooting - but the printer eventually devised a very simple and efective system, and with two people, the last step of the editioning process went very smoothly - though it took about 8 hours of standing over the press.




Jason (the man who taught me everything In know about Lithography) carefully adds ink into the rollers, which will even distribute and oscillate the ink so it prints completely flat. The printer must often rely on sight and intuition to add and remove ink or pressure so that all prints match the matchup proof, which has been aproved by the artist prior to editioning.




Jason checks the registration. A hairs worth of misalignment makes all the difference. The image is comprised of several plates, and each must match up perfectly to get a quality print which will be ready for introduction to the art market.

This is a very breif overveiw of my apprentice work with litho. Next week - what I've learned about etching.

The ULAE Studio at Clinton Ave., Bayshore

The facilities here are unbelievable - and there is a lot to take in. I may not have time to learn what everything does, but I have already gotten some time in helping printers, and there is simply no better way to learn than hanging with these guys. This is a very, very brief tour of Clinton, I couldn't possibly cover it all - but you will see a lot more of the studio in the coming week as I outline my experiences as an apprentice. (Note the use of the word apprentice: it has much nicer sound to it. There are intern jobs, and there are apprentice jobs. If you have any interest in learning about these presses, you'll have to get in there and get your hands dirty.)





A master printer work on an offset press in the studio "across the street." The offset press is used to produce large quantities of lithographic prints. There are three of such presses at ULAE.




This is a motorized press used for printing very large intaglio prints, or etchings.




Here is an old school letter press, which as far as I can tell is used primarily for portfolio type, but I have also seen it used to generate text on litho plates.




This press hasn't been used since I've been here - but it is one of the three offset presses here.




This is the press I've become most familiar with. One of the printers has let me help him with a few proofs and even an edition. I will go into the details of my first hand experience a little later.

The ceilings of the main studio have large portraits of artists working here and at the studio in Skidmore Place. It's fun to pick out where the are in each photo and try to picture Barnett Newman or Lee Bontecou standing in that exact location when you get home.








A portrait of Tatyana overlooks it all - if you mess up, she'll know.